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1.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 33(3): 261-267, jun. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-791017

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La infección intra-abdominal complicada adquirida en la comunidad (IIAc-AC) es una causa frecuente de abdomen agudo. Objetivo: Identificar el perfil clínico y microbiológico de la IIAc-AC en cuatro hospitales de Colombia. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo entre 07-2012 y 09-2014 en pacientes de 15 o más años con IIAc-AC. Se midieron las frecuencias de variables socio-demográficas, clínicas, diagnóstico, aislamientos y susceptibilidad antimicrobiana del primer cultivo obtenido asépticamente del sitio de infección. Resultados: 192 pacientes incluidos, 62% hombres, edad media 47,3 años; 38,4% con co-morbilidad, 13% hospitalizados en el último año y 9,4% recibieron antimicrobianos en los últimos seis meses. Fueron admitidos 44,3%, por apendicitis 17,7% por peritonitis y 16,7% por perforación intestinal. El 64,1% de las IIAc-AC fue moderada y tratada con ampicilina/sulbactam (SAM) y ertapenem. En 70,8% se aisló al menos un microorganismo en: 65,1% bacilos gramnegativos (80,0% Escherichia coli, 44,8% susceptible a piperacilina/tazobactam, 65,7% a SAM y 11,2% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 85% susceptibles a SAM) y en 16,7% especies grampositivas (28,1% Streptococcus grupo viridans). La mediana de hospitalización fue siete días y 15,1% fallecieron. Conclusión: Escherichia coli y K. pneumoniae en IIAc-AC son los principales microorganismos a cubrir en la terapia empírica y es necesario conocer la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en cada región para seleccionar un tratamiento empírico adecuado.


Introduction: Complicated community-acquired intra-abdominal infections (CA-cIAI) are a common cause of acute abdomen. Objective: To identify the clinical and microbiology profile of CA-cIAI in four Colombian hospitals. Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive study, between 08-2012 and 09-2014, including patients with CA-cIAI > 15 years. Data collected included: socio-demographic, clinical, diagnosis, and isolates of the first culture obtained aseptically during surgery with antimicrobial susceptibility. Results: 192 patients were included, 62% men, median age 47.3 years. Co-morbidities were present in 38.4%, 13% had been hospitalized in the previous year 13%, and 9.4% had received antibiotics in the last 6 months; 44.3% were admitted for appendicitis, 17.7% for peritonitis and 16.7% for bowel perforation. CA-cIAI were assessed as moderate in 64.1% of the cases and were treated with ampicillin/sulbactam (SAM) and ertapenem. In 70.8% of cases a bacteria was isolated: 65.1% were gramnegative rods (80.0% Escherichia coli, 44.8% of them susceptible to pipercillin/tazobactam, 65.7% to SAM; 11.2 % were K.pneumoniae, 85% was susceptible for SAM; 16.7% were grampositive cocci (28.1% Streptococci viridans group). The median hospital stay was 7 days and 15.1% died. Conclusions: E. coli, K. pneumoniae and S. viridans were the main organisms to consider in an empiric therapy for CA-cIAI and it is important to know the local epidemiology in order to choose the right antibiotic.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Intraabdominal Infections/microbiology , Intraabdominal Infections/epidemiology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Reference Values , Socioeconomic Factors , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Risk Factors , Colombia/epidemiology , Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology , Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy , Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Intraabdominal Infections/drug therapy , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use
2.
Acta méd. colomb ; 38(4): 233-238, oct.-dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-700455

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: determinar las variables asociadas con mortalidad por neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) en un hospital de Colombia. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en pacientes mayores de 14 años con diagnóstico de NAC entre 1 enero 2010 y 30 marzo 2012. Se consideraron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, paraclínicas y terapéuticas. se hicieron análisis bivariados y multivariados con paquete estadístico SPSS-20.0. Resultados: de 297 casos con NAC, hubo predominio masculino (53.5%), edad promedio 56.3±22.4 años. El 22.6% de los casos murieron. Las variables frecuencia cardiaca >120/minuto (OR:3.8; IC 95%:1.492-10.008, p = 0.005), sepsis (OR:6.7; IC95%:2.193-20.823, p=0.001), ingreso a unidad de cuidado intensivo (OR:8.9; IC 95%:2.831-28.592, p<0.001) se asociaron estadísticamente con riesgo de morir por NAC. Discusión: se identificaron los factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por NAC. Se debe implementar una guía de práctica clínica que cuantifique el riesgo para ofrecer la mejor atención posible y el cuidado necesario que identifique las variables relacionadas con un desenlace fatal. (ActaMed Colomb 2013; 38: 233-238).


Objectives: to determine the variables associated with mortality due to Community acquired Pneumonia (CaP) in a hospital in Colombia. Materials and methods: cross-sectional study in patients older than 14 years with a diagnosis of CAP between January 1st, 2010 and March 30th, 2012. Socio-demographic, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic variables were considered. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed with SPSS-20.0. Results: of 297 cases with CAP there was male predominance (53.5%); mean age 56.3 ± 22.4 years. 22.6% of patients died. The variables heart rate > 120/minute (OR: 3.8 , 95% CI:1.492-10.008, p = 0.005) , sepsis (OR : 6.7 , 95% CI :2.193-20.823, p = 0.001), admission to intensive care unit (OR: 8.9, 95% CI: 2.831 -28.592, p < 0.001) were statistically associated with the risk of death by CAP. Discussion: we identified risk factors associated with mortality due to CAP. It must implement a clinical practice guideline to quantify the risk to provide the best possible care and the care needed to identify the variables associated with a fatal outcome. (Acta Med Colomb 2013; 38: 233-238).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Pneumonia , Hospital Mortality , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Colombia , Anti-Bacterial Agents
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